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How Much Of A 2.5 g Gummy Is Actually The Supplement?

The short version
  • A Burntide gummy weighs 2.5 g and carries a 525 mg proprietary blend, so roughly 21 per cent of it is the supplement.
  • The other four fifths are corn syrup, water, cane sugar, apple pectin, citric acid, sodium citrate, tapioca starch, natural flavors and beet root powder.
  • This is normal for a gummy and it is not a scandal. A gummy has to be a sweet before it can be anything else.
  • It is the reason a gummy cannot carry a research dose of most ingredients, which is the trade you are making when you choose one over a capsule.
  • Both numbers are on the panel, so you can run this arithmetic on any gummy in any shop.

The arithmetic, in one line

The Burntide Supplement Facts panel prints a serving size of one gummy at 2.5 g per gummy, and below it a single Proprietary Blend at 525 mg. Those are the only two weights on the panel that describe the whole product rather than a trace mineral.

525 mg out of 2.5 g is 525 out of 2,500, which is 21 per cent. Rather more than a fifth of the gummy is the thing you are buying it for, and rather less than four fifths is not.

Almost nobody runs that division, because almost no label invites you to. It needs both the serving weight and an active total, and plenty of gummies print only one of the two. This one prints both, which is a point in its favour before anything else is said.

The Burntide label laid flat, showing the Supplement Facts panel with a 525 mg proprietary blend
Both numbers in one photograph. The serving size line says 2.5 g per gummy and the blend row says 525 mg. Divide one by the other and you have what share of the chewable is the supplement.

What the other four fifths are doing

Under the Supplement Facts box the label prints a second list headed Other Ingredients, in descending order of weight as the rules require. It reads: corn syrup, purified water, pure cane sugar, apple pectin, citric acid, sodium citrate, tapioca starch, natural flavors and beet root powder.

Every one of those is doing a job, and none of them is an active.

IngredientWhat it is forCould it be left out?
Corn syrupBulk, sweetness and body. The largest single component of the gummy by weightNot without replacing it. Something has to be the body of a chewable
Purified waterThe solvent the gel is made in. Most of it is driven off during settingNo
Pure cane sugarThe second sweetener, and the reason the panel prints 1 g of added sugarsIt could be reduced, at a cost in taste
Apple pectinThe gelling agent. It is what makes this vegetarian rather than a gelatin gummyNo. Something has to gel
Citric acidSourness and pH control. Not the vinegar and not an activeReducible
Sodium citrateA buffer working with the citric acid. Also a second source of the sodium the panel declaresReducible
Tapioca starchDusting starch, so the gummies do not weld together in the jarNot on a chewable that ships in a warm van
Natural flavorsTaste. A legal category rather than a named ingredientNot if anybody is going to chew it twice
Beet root powderColour. It is why the gummies are red rather than amberYes, cosmetically

Read that table and the honest conclusion is that a gummy is a confectionery product with a supplement in it. That is a description rather than an accusation, and it is the first thing to understand about the whole format.

Burntide three-jar pack

See the Burntide panel for yourself

Both numbers are printed on the jar: 2.5 g a gummy and 525 mg of blend. Thirty to a jar, one a day, and sixty days to change your mind.

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Why a gummy cannot hold much more than this

There is a physical ceiling and it is not a marketing decision.

A gummy sets because pectin forms a gel with sugar and acid at the right concentrations. Push too much powdered active into that matrix and three things go wrong at once: the gel stops setting reliably, the texture becomes gritty, and the taste becomes impossible to mask. Bitter and sour actives are the worst offenders, and dried vinegar and mineral salts are both.

Manufacturers therefore work backwards. They decide how much active the matrix will tolerate and how much taste can be covered, and the label prints whatever number survives. A blend around half a gram in a two-and-a-half-gram gummy is a typical answer to that problem, and it is why gummy versions of almost anything carry less than the capsule version.

Three consequences of the gummy matrix
  • The dose ceiling is low, usually a few hundred milligrams of active in total.
  • Sugar is not optional. It is structural, which is why almost every gummy supplement declares added sugars.
  • Strong-tasting actives get used sparingly, because covering them costs more sugar and more flavour.

The same arithmetic on a capsule

Run the identical division on a capsule and the answer is very different.

FormatTypical unit weightTypical active loadActive share
Chewable gummy2 to 4 g200 to 800 mgroughly 10 to 25 per cent
Burntide gummy2.5 g525 mgabout 21 per cent
Size 0 vegetable capsuleabout 0.1 g empty400 to 600 mgmost of the filled weight
Tablet0.5 to 1.5 gup to about 80 per centmost of the weight

A capsule shell is a container rather than a matrix, so almost all of the filled weight can be active. That is the entire reason a capsule can carry a dose a gummy cannot, and it is worth knowing before you choose a format on taste alone.

It is also why a product sold in both formats will often have different amounts in each, and why comparing a gummy against a capsule by counting units rather than milligrams gives you the wrong answer.

What it means for the dose you actually get

On this label the blend is 525 mg for two named actives together, and it does not publish how that splits. Apple cider vinegar is listed first inside the blend, so under United States labelling rules it outweighs the three ketone salts combined.

Set that against the research. The twelve-week vinegar trial used 15 to 30 mL of liquid vinegar a day. The exogenous ketone work used drinks measured in grams. Both are far above what a 525 mg blend can supply, and the format is the reason.

That is the honest version of the trade. A gummy buys adherence, which is genuinely worth something, and it costs dose, which is also genuinely worth something. A review of obesity supplements makes the general point that dose is where most of this category falls down.

If you want the detail, the actives and amounts page takes each of the five named ingredients in turn, and the panel page reads every row.

A bowl of white beta-hydroxybutyrate salt powder on a dark surface
This is how beta-hydroxybutyrate salts are normally sold: a powder, scooped into water at multi-gram doses. Fitting them into a 2.5 g chewable alongside apple cider vinegar means a very much smaller amount, and the panel does not say how much smaller.

Running this check on any jar in five minutes

The method needs nothing but the label and works on any gummy on any shelf.

  • Find the serving weight. It is in the serving size line, usually in brackets: “1 gummy (2.5 g per gummy)”. If it is not there, the label will not let you do this check at all, which is itself informative.
  • Add up the actives. Every amount inside the Supplement Facts box, including a blend total if there is one. Ignore the Other Ingredients line; none of it is active.
  • Divide and convert. Actives in milligrams, serving in milligrams. One gram is 1,000 milligrams, and mixing the units is the only way to go wrong here.
  • Read the answer as a share. Ten per cent is low, twenty is ordinary, thirty is good for a gummy.
  • Then ask the real question. Not what share is active, but whether the absolute amount is anywhere near what the research used. That one needs a search engine and five more minutes.

The NIH consumer guidance on dietary supplements is the right place to start on that last step, and the proprietary blends guide on this website sets out a six-step version of it.

When a gummy is worth the trade anyway

Everything above argues that a gummy carries less active than a capsule. None of it argues that a gummy is pointless, and it is worth finishing on the other side of that.

A supplement you do not take has a dose of zero. Adherence is the single largest variable in whether any daily product does anything, and a chewable attached to a meal is much easier to keep up than a capsule in a cupboard. The Burntide review record bears that out: six of the eight reviewers on record describe the habit sticking rather than describing a result.

So the honest summary is that a gummy is the right format if the alternative is not taking anything, and the wrong format if you specifically want the amount the research used. On this label the second case is clear cut. 525 mg is what it is, and a bottle of liquid vinegar from a grocery shelf is a fraction of the price.

What a reader should take away is the method rather than the verdict. Two numbers, one division, five minutes, any jar.

Sources cited in this post

  1. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Dietary Supplement Labeling Guide. https://www.fda.gov/food/dietary-supplements-guidance-documents-regulatory-information/dietary-supplement-labeling-guide
  2. Kondo T, Kishi M, Fushimi T, Ugajin S, Kaga T. Vinegar intake reduces body weight, body fat mass, and serum triglyceride levels in obese Japanese subjects. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2009;73(8):1837-43. PMID 19661687. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19661687/
  3. Stubbs BJ, Cox PJ, Evans RD, et al. On the metabolism of exogenous ketones in humans. Front Physiol. 2017;8:848. PMID 29163194. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29163194/
  4. National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements. Dietary Supplements: What You Need to Know. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/WYNTK-Consumer/
  5. Rios-Hoyo A, Gutierrez-Salmean G. New dietary supplements for obesity: what we currently know. Curr Obes Rep. 2016;5(2):262-70. PMID 27053066. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27053066/
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